C2NLOAD(1)                                                          C2NLOAD(1)



NAME
       c2nload - load files to Commodore 8-bit computers via the C2N232 device

SYNOPSIS
       c2nload [options] file...

DESCRIPTION
       This manual page documents briefly the c2nload command.

       c2nload loads Commodore program files to 8-bit Commodore computers  via
       a 38,400 bps loader that starts the files via the keyboard buffer.  The
       loader is model-specific:

       pet    Any model in the Commodore PET series.  The loader  detects  the
              ROM version and the cassette port.  This is the only loader that
              must be started with run; all other loaders start automatically.

       8032-1,8032-2
              Tape  #1  or  #2  on 80-column PET models that use the "print to
              screen" vector ($eb)=$e20c.

       20     Commodore VIC-20, VC-20 or VIC-1001.

       64     Commodore 64.

       128    Commodore 128.

       264    Commodore 264 series (16, 116, 264, V364 or plus/4).

OPTIONS
       c2nload follows the usual Unix command line syntax, with options start-
       ing with a dash (`-').

       --     Stop  processing options.  This is useful if the first file name
              begins with a dash.

       -c device
              Specify the name of the RS-232 interface connected to the C2N232
              device.  This is a mandatory option.

       -m model
              Specify  the  model  of the Commodore computer.  See DESCRIPTION
              above.

       -h     Display a short command-line usage message and exit.

       -j address
              Specify a sys address for starting the program.  The default  is
              address=0, which means run.

       -J     Do not start the program.  This corresponds to -j 0xffff.

       -s begin,intra
              Specify the number of short pulses in the beginning of the first
              tape header block (default:  begin=1500)  and  between  adjacent
              tape blocks (default: intra=2000).

       -q     Be quiet and do not display instructions or status messages.

BUGS
       The  C2N232  device is not connected to the motor control signal on the
       Commodore cassette interface.  Thus, only partial interlocking  between
       the  computer  and the cassette drive emulator is possible.  Therefore,
       the operation should be started on  the  Commodore  computer  first  by
       invoking  the  load command.  On the 64, 128 and 264, the Commodore key
       should be held down until the text loading appears.

       The file to be loaded should not overlap with the cassette  buffer  the
       loader  resides  in.   On the 64 and 128, the file must not contain the
       locations 0 or 1.  On the 264 series, also the locations  above  0xfd00
       are permanently mapped to I/O devices.  On the 128, the locations above
       0xff00 should be avoided.

PERFORMANCE
       Loading the loader and a minimal 3-byte program file takes  around  5.9
       seconds on all other models than the 264 series.  On the 264 series, it
       takes 9.729 seconds, or 8.299 seconds with -s 50,500.

       Loading a 64,514-byte program file to a PAL  64  takes  22.618  seconds
       with  the  default  -s  setting.   The  last 64,511 bytes are loaded in
       16.709 seconds, or 3,860.8 bytes per second,  0.5%  above  the  nominal
       speed.  These figures were obtained on an IBM Thinkpad A20m running GNU
       libc 2.3.1 and Linux 2.4.19.

AUTHOR
       The c2nload utility and the C2N232 cassette drive emulator device  were
       designed and implemented by Marko Mkel <msmakela@nic.funet.fi>.

SEE ALSO
       c2n(1), cbmconvert(1), cbmlink(1), faucet(1).



                                 June 5, 2003                       C2NLOAD(1)
