KiCad_Manual_zh_CN - en to zh translation catalogue (180 entries)

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en: _Reference manual_
zh: _参考手册_

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en: *Copyright*
zh: *版权*

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en: This document is Copyright (C) 2010-2024 by its contributors as listed below. You may distribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU General Public License (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html), version 3 or later, or the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), version 3.0 or later.
zh: 本文档版权 (C) 2010-2024 年，作者如下。您可以根据 GNU 通用公共许可证 (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html) 第 3 版或更高版本或知识共享署名许可证 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) 第 3.0 版或更高版本的条款分发和/或修改本文档。

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en: All trademarks within this guide belong to their legitimate owners.
zh: 本指南中的所有商标均属于其合法所有者。

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en: *Contributors*
zh: *贡献者*

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en: *Feedback*
zh: *反馈*

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en: The KiCad project welcomes feedback, bug reports, and suggestions related to the software or its documentation.  For more information on how to submit feedback or report an issue, please see the instructions at https://www.kicad.org/help/report-an-issue/
zh: KiCad 项目欢迎与软件或其文档相关的反馈、错误报告和建议。 有关如何提交反馈或报告问题的详细信息，请参阅 https://www.kicad.org/help/report-an-issue/ 上的说明

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en: Introduction
zh: 简介

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en: KiCad is an open-source software suite for creating electronic circuit schematics and printed circuit boards (PCBs).  KiCad supports an integrated design workflow in which a schematic and corresponding PCB are designed together, as well as standalone workflows for special uses.  KiCad also includes several utilities to help with circuit and PCB design, including a PCB calculator for determining electrical properties of circuit structures, a Gerber viewer for inspecting manufacturing files, and an integrated SPICE simulator for inspecting circuit behavior.
zh: KiCad 是一款用于创建电子电路原理图和印刷电路板（PCB）的开源软件套件。  KiCad 支持综合设计工作流程，其中原理图和相应的 PCB 一起设计，也支持特殊用途的独立工作流程。  KiCad 还包括一些帮助电路和 PCB 设计的实用程序，包括用于确定电路结构电气属性的 PCB 计算器、用于检查制造文件的 Gerber 浏览器和用于检查电路行为的集成 SPICE 模拟器。

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en: KiCad runs on all major operating systems and a wide range of computer hardware.  It supports PCBs with up to 32 copper layers and is suitable for creating designs of all complexities.  KiCad is developed by a volunteer team of software and electrical engineers around the world with a mission of creating free and open-source electronics design software suitable for professional designers.
zh: KiCad 可在所有主要的操作系统和广泛的计算机硬件上运行。  它支持多达 32 个铜层的 PCB，适合创建各种复杂的设计。  KiCad 是由世界各地的软件和电气工程师组成的志愿者团队开发的，其使命是创建适合专业设计师的免费和开源的电子设计软件。

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en: The latest version of this documentation is available at https://docs.kicad.org.
zh: 该文件的最新版本可在 https://docs.kicad.org 。

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en: System Requirements
zh: 系统要求

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en: KiCad is capable of running on a wide variety of hardware and operating systems, but some tasks may be slower or more difficult on lower-end hardware.  For the best experience, a dedicated graphics card and display with 1920x1080 or higher resolution is recommended.
zh: KiCad 能够在多种硬件和操作系统上运行，但在低端硬件上执行某些任务可能会很慢或很困难。为获得最佳体验，建议使用 1920x1080 或更高分辨率的专用显卡和显示器。

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en: Please check the KiCad website for the latest system requirements: https://kicad.org/help/system-requirements/
zh: 有关最新的系统要求，请查看 KiCad 网站：https://kicad.org/help/system-requirements/

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en: KiCad files and folders
zh: KiCad 文件和文件夹

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en: KiCad creates and uses files with the following specific file extensions (and folders)  for schematic and board editing.
zh: KiCad 创建并使用具有以下特定文件扩展名（和文件夹）的文件进行原理图和电路板编辑。

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en: Project files
zh: 工程文件

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en: |`*.kicad_pro` |Project file, containing settings that are shared between the schematic and PCB
    |`*.pro` |Legacy (KiCad 5.x and earlier) project file.
    Can be read and will be converted to a `.kicad_pro` file by the project manager.
zh: | `*.kicad_pro` |工程文件，包含原理图和 PCB 之间共享的设置。
    | ``*.pro` |旧版 (KiCad 5.x 及更早版本)工程文件。
    可被读取，并将由工程管理器转换为 `.kicad_pro` 文件。

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en: Schematic editor files
zh: 原理图编辑器文件

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en: |`*.kicad_sch` |Schematic files containing all info and the components themselves.
    |`*.kicad_sym` |Schematic symbol library file, containing the component descriptions: graphic shape, pins, fields.
    |`*.sch` |Legacy (KiCad 5.x and earlier) schematic file.
    Can be read and will be converted to a `.kicad_sch` file on write.
    |`*.lib` |Legacy (KiCad 5.x and earlier) schematic library file. Can be read but not written.
    |`*.dcm` |Legacy (KiCad 5.x and earlier) schematic library documentation. Can be read but not written.
    |`*-cache.lib` |Legacy (KiCad 5.x and earlier) schematic component library cache file.
    Required for proper loading of a legacy schematic (`.sch`) file.
    |`sym-lib-table` |Symbol library table:
    list of symbol libraries available in the schematic editor.
zh: |`*.kicad_sch` |包含所有信息和元件本身的原理图文件。
    |`*.kicad_sym` |原理图符号库文件，包含元件描述：图形形状、引脚、字段。
    |`*.sch` |旧版 (KiCad 5.x 及更早版本)原理图文件。可以读取，写入时将转换为 `.kicad_sch` 文件。
    |`*.lib` |旧版（KiCad 5.x 及更早版本）原理图库文件。可以读取但不能写入。
    |`*.dcm` |旧版 (KiCad 5.x 及更早版本) 原理图库文件。可以读取但不能写入。
    |`*-cache.lib` |旧版 (KiCad 5.x 及更早版本) 原理图元件库缓存文件。为正确加载旧版原理图(`.sch`)文件所必需。
    |`sym-lib-table` |原理图编辑器中可用的符号库列表。

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en: Board editor files and folders
zh: PCB 编辑器的文件和文件夹

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en: |`*.kicad_pcb` |Board file containing all info but the page layout.
    |`*.pretty` |Footprint library folders. The folder itself is the library.
    |`*.kicad_mod` |Footprint files, containing one footprint description each.
    |`*.kicad_dru` |Design rules file, containing custom design rules for a certain `.kicad_pcb` file.
    |`*.brd` |Legacy (KiCad 4.x and earlier) board file.
    Can be read, but not written, by the current board editor.
    |`*.mod` |Legacy (KiCad 4.x and earlier) footprint library file.
    Can be read by the footprint or the board editor, but not written.
    |`fp-lib-table` |Footprint library table: 
    list of footprint libraries available in the board editor.
    |`fp-info-cache` |Cache to speed up loading of footprint libraries. Does not need to be distributed with the project or put under version control.
zh: |`*.kicad_pcb` |包含除页面布局外的所有信息的板块文件。
    |`*.pretty` |封装库文件夹。该文件夹本身就是库。
    |`*.kicad_mod` |封装文件，每个文件包含一个封装描述。
    |`*.kicad_dru` |设计规则文件，包含某个 `.kicad_pcb` 文件的自定义设计规则。
    |`*.brd` |旧版 (KiCad 4.x 及更早版本) PCB 文件.可以被当前的 PCB 编辑器读取，但不能写入。
    |`*.mod` |旧版 (KiCad 4.x 及更早版本) 封装库文件。可以被封装或 PCB 编辑器读取，但不能写入。
    |`fp-lib-table` |封装库表：在 PCB 编辑器中可用的封装库列表。
    |`fp-info-cache`|缓存，以加快加载封装库的速度。不需要与工程一起发布或置于版本控制之下。

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en: Common files
zh: 通用文件

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en: |`*.kicad_prl` |Local settings for the current project; helps KiCad remember
    the last used settings such as layer visibility or selection filter.
    May not need to be distributed with the project or put under version control.
    |`*.kicad_wks` |Page layout (drawing border and title block) description file
    |`*.net` |Netlist file created from the schematic, and read by the board editor.
    Note that the
    xref:../pcbnew/pcbnew.adoc#forward-and-back-annotation[recommended
    workflow for transferring information from the schematic to the board] does not
    require the use of netlist files.
    |`*.cmp` |Association between components used in the schematic and their footprints.
    It can be created by the Board Editor and imported by the Schematic Editor.
    Its purpose is to import changes from the board to the schematic, for users
    who change footprints in the Board Editor (for instance using **Exchange
    Footprints** command) and want to import these changes back to the schematic.
    Note that the
    xref:../pcbnew/pcbnew.adoc#forward-and-back-annotation[recommended
    workflow for transferring information from the board to the schematic] does not
    require the use of `.cmp` files.
zh: |`*.kicad_prl` |当前工程的本地设置文件；帮助 KiCad 记住最近使用的设置，如图层可见性或选择过滤器。通常无需随工程分发或置于版本控制下。
    |`*.kicad_wks` |图框（绘图边界和标题栏）描述文件。
    |`*.net` |从原理图创建的网络表文件，由电路板编辑器读取。注意，xref:../pcbnew/pcbnew.adoc#forward-and-back-annotation[推荐的工作流程用于在原理图和电路板间传输信息] ，并不依赖网络表文件。
    |`*.cmp` |原理图中使用的元件与其封装之间的关联文件。此文件可由电路板编辑器创建，并被原理图编辑器导入。其主要用途是从电路板向原理图导入变更，适用于那些在电路板编辑器中修改封装（例如使用 **交互封装** 命令）并希望将这些变更同步回原理图的用户。请注意，xref:../pcbnew/pcbnew.adoc#forward-and-back-annotation[推荐的工作流程用于在电路板和原理图之间传输信息] ，并不依赖 `.cmp` 文件。

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en: Fabrication and documentation files
zh: 制造和文档文件

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en: |`*.gbr` |Gerber files, for fabrication.
    |`*.drl` |Drill files (Excellon format), for fabrication.
    |`*.pos` |Position files (ASCII format), for automatic insertion machines.
    |`*.rpt` |Report files (ASCII format), for documentation.
    |`*.ps`  |Plot files (Postscript), for documentation.
    |`*.pdf` |Plot files (PDF format), for documentation.
    |`*.svg` |Plot files (SVG format), for documentation.
    |`*.dxf` |Plot files (DXF format), for documentation.
    |`*.plt` |Plot files (HPGL format), for documentation.
zh: |`*.gbr` |Gerber 文件，用于制造。
    |`*.drl` |钻孔文件（Excellon 格式），用于制造。
    |`*.pos` |位置文件（ASCII 格式），用于自动贴片机。
    |`*.rpt` |报告文件（ASCII 格式），用于记录。
    |`*.ps` |图表文件（Postscript），用于文档。
    |`*.pdf` |图表文件(PDF 格式)，用于文档。
    |`*.svg` |绘图文件（SVG 格式），用于文档。
    |`*.dxf` |图表文件(DXF 格式)，用于文档。
    |`*.plt` |绘图文件(HPGL 格式)，用于文档。

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en: Storing and sending KiCad files
zh: 储存和发送 KiCad 文件

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en: KiCad schematic and board files contain all the schematic symbols and footprints used in the design, so you can back up or send these files by themselves with no issue.  Some important design information is stored in the project file (`.kicad_pro`), so if you are sending a complete design, make sure to include it.
zh: KiCad 原理图和电路板文件包含设计中使用的所有原理图符号和封装，因此您可以自行备份或发送这些文件，不会有任何问题。 一些重要的设计信息存储在工程文件（`.kicad_pro`）中，所以如果你要发送一个完整的设计，请确保包含这些信息。

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en: Some files, such as the project-local settings file (`.kicad_prl`) and the `fp-info-cache` file, are not necessary to send with your project.  If you use a version control system such as Git to keep track of your KiCad projects, you may want to add these files to the list of ignored files so that they are not tracked.
zh: 有些文件，如工程本地设置文件（`.kicad_prl`）和 `fp-info-cache` 文件，没有必要与工程一起发送。 如果你使用版本控制系统（如 Git）来跟踪你的 KiCad 工程，你可能想把这些文件添加到被忽略的文件列表中，这样它们就不会被跟踪了。

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en: Installing and Upgrading KiCad
zh: 安装和升级 KiCad

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en: Importing settings
zh: 导入设置

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en: Each major release of KiCad has its own configuration, so that you may run multiple KiCad versions on the same computer without the configurations interfering.  The first time you run a new version of KiCad, you will be asked how to initialize the settings:
zh: KiCad 的每个主要版本都有自己的配置，因此您可以在同一台计算机上运行多个 KiCad 版本，而不会干扰配置。首次运行新版本的 KiCad 时，系统将询问如何初始化设置：

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en: images/configure_settings.png
zh: images/zh/configure_settings.png

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en: If a previous version of KiCad is detected, you will have the option to import the settings from that version.  The location of the previous configuration files is detected automatically, but you may override it to choose another location if desired.
zh: 如果检测到以前版本的 KiCad，您可以选择从该版本导入设置。系统会自动检测以前配置文件的位置，但如果需要，您可以覆盖该位置以选择其他位置。

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en: Please note that, the schematic symbol and footprint library tables from the previous version of KiCad will **not** be imported.
zh: 请注意，KiCad 前一版本的原理图符号和封装库表将 **不会** 被导入。

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en: You may also choose to start with default settings if you do not want to import settings from a previous version.
zh: 如果您不想从以前的版本导入设置，也可以选择从默认设置开始。

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en: KiCad stores the settings files in a folder inside your user directory.  Each KiCad version will use a different versioned subfolder. For KiCad 8, those folders are:
zh: KiCad 将设置文件存储在用户目录内的文件夹中。 每个 KiCad 版本都会使用不同版本的子文件夹。对于 KiCad 8，这些文件夹是：

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en: Migrating files from previous versions
zh: 从早期版本迁移文件

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en: Modern versions of KiCad can open files created in earlier versions, but can only write files in the latest formats.  This means that in general, there are no special steps to migrate files from a previous version besides opening the files.  In some cases, the file extension for a file has changed from one KiCad version to the next.  After opening these files, they will be saved in the new format with the new file extension.  The old files will not be deleted automatically.
zh: 现代版本的 KiCad 可以打开在早期版本中创建的文件，但只能写入最新格式的文件。这意味着，通常情况下，除了打开文件外，从以前版本迁移文件不需要特殊步骤。在某些情况下，文件的扩展名从一个 KiCad 版本更改到下一个版本。打开这些文件后，它们将以新的文件扩展名以新格式保存。旧文件不会自动删除。

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en: The schematic editor documentation describes several particular considerations for opening xref:../eeschema/eeschema.adoc#opening-legacy-schematics[legacy schematics].
zh: 原理图编辑器文档介绍了打开 xref:../eeschema/eeschema.adoc#opening-legacy-schematics[旧版原理图] 时的几个特别注意事项。

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en: In general, files created or modified by one version of KiCad **cannot** be opened by older versions of KiCad.  For this reason, it is important to keep backup copies of your projects when testing a new KiCad release, until you are confident that you will not need to use the older KiCad version anymore.
zh: 一般来说，一个新版本的 KiCad 创建或修改的文件 **不能** 被旧版本的 KiCad 打开。因此，在测试新的 KiCad 版本时保留项目的备份副本非常重要，直到您确信不再需要使用旧的 KiCad 版本。

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en: Hotkey configurations are not imported from previous versions at this time.  You can manually
          import hotkey configurations by copying the various `*.hotkeys` files from the old version
          configuration directory to the new one.  If you do so, please note that KiCad will not
          automatically detect conflicts such as one key being assigned to multiple actions.
zh: 目前不会从以前的版本导入快捷键配置。您可以通过将各种 `*.hotkeys` 文件从旧版本配置目录复制到新版本配置目录中，手动导入快捷键配置。如果这样做，请注意 KiCad 不会自动检测冲突，例如一个键被分配给多个操作。

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en: Using the KiCad project manager
zh: 使用 KiCad 工程管理器

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en: The KiCad project manager is a tool which creates and opens KiCad projects and launches the other KiCad tools (schematic and board editors, Gerber viewer, and utility tools).
zh: KiCad 工程管理器是一种创建和打开 KiCad 工程并启动其他 KiCad 工具（原理图和电路板编辑器、Gerber 查看器和实用工具）的工具。

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en: images/main_window.png
zh: images/zh/main_window.png

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en: The KiCad project manager window is composed of a tree view on the left showing the files associated with the open project, and a launcher on the right containing shortcuts to the various editors and tools.
zh: KiCad 工程管理器窗口由左侧的工作区视图和右侧的启动器组成，前者显示与打开的工程相关的文件，后者则包含各种编辑器和工具的快捷方式。

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en: The toolbar on the left side of the window provides shortcuts for common project operations:
zh: 窗口左侧的工具栏为常见的工程操作提供快捷键：

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en: |image:images/icons/new_project_24.png[]
    |Create a new project.
    |image:images/icons/open_project_24.png[]
    |Open an existing project.
    |image:images/icons/zip_24.png[]
    |Create a zip archive of the whole project. This includes schematic
    files, libraries, PCB, etc.
    |image:images/icons/unzip_24.png[]
    |Extract a project zip archive into a directory. Files in the destination
    directory will be overwritten.
    |image:images/icons/refresh_24.png[]
    |Refresh the tree view, to detect changes made on the filesystem.
    |image:images/icons/directory_browser_24.png[]
    |Open the project working directory in a file explorer.
zh: |image:images/icons/new_project_24.png[]
    |创建一个新的工程。
    |image:images/icons/open_project_24.png[]
    |打开一个已存在的工程。
    |image:images/icons/zip_24.png[]
    |将整个工程打包成 ZIP 存档，包括原理图文件、库、PCB 等所有相关文件。
    |image:images/icons/unzip_24.png[]
    |解压工程 ZIP 存档至指定目录。目标目录中的文件将被覆盖。
    |image:images/icons/refresh_24.png[]
    |刷新树状视图，以检测文件系统上所做的更改。
    |image:images/icons/directory_browser_24.png[]
    |在文件浏览器中打开工程的工作目录。

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en: The tree view shows a list of files inside the project folder.  Double-clicking on a file in the tree view will open it in the associated editor.  Right-clicking on a file will open a context menu with some file manipulation commands.
zh: 工作区视图显示工程文件夹内的文件列表。  在工作区视图中双击一个文件将在相关的编辑器中打开它。  右键点击一个文件将打开一个包含一些文件操作命令的上下文菜单。

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en: images/project_tree.png
zh: images/zh/project_tree.png

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en: Only files that KiCad understands how to open are displayed in the project tree view.
zh: 只有 KiCad 知道如何打开的文件才会显示在工程工作区视图中。

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en: KiCad projects contain at least a project file, a schematic, and a board design. Schematics may contain multiple sheets, each in its own file, but a project can only contain a single board. KiCad expects the project file, schematic root sheet file, and board file to all have the same name.
zh: KiCad 工程至少包含一个工程文件、一个原理图和一个电路板设计。原理图可以包含多个图纸，每个图纸都有自己的文件，但一个项目只能包含一块电路板。KiCad 希望工程文件、原理图根页文件和电路板文件都具有相同的名称。

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en: Standalone mode
zh: 单机模式

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en: You can also run the KiCad editor tools in _standalone_ mode, by launching them directly from your operating system's application launcher rather than from the project manager. It is usually *not recommended* to run the tools in standalone mode, except for some specific situations where it is necessary, such as when importing projects from other EDA tools.  When running in standalone mode, some project features are not available, including:
zh: 您也可以在 _单机模式_ 模式下运行 KiCad 编辑器工具，方法是直接从操作系统的应用程序启动器而不是从工程管理器启动这些工具。通常 *不建议* 在单机模式下运行工具，除非在某些特殊情况下必须这样做，例如从其他 EDA 工具导入工程时。 在单机模式下运行时，某些工程功能不可用，包括：

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en: cross probing between the schematic editor and the board editor
zh: 原理图编辑器和电路板编辑器之间的交叉探测

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en: design synchronization between the schematic and the board
zh: 原理图和电路板之间的设计同步

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en: Creating a new project
zh: 创建一个新工程

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en: Most KiCad designs start with the creation of a project.  There are two ways to create a project from the KiCad project manager: you may create an empty project, or create a project based on an existing template.  This section will cover the creation of a new, empty project.  Creating projects from templates is covered in the <<project-templates,Project Templates>> section.
zh: 大多数 KiCad 设计都是从创建工程开始的。从 KiCad 工程管理器创建工程有两种方式：可以创建空工程，也可以基于现有模板创建工程。本节将介绍如何创建一个新的空工程。从模板创建工程在 《工程 - 模板，工程模板》一节中介绍。

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en: To create a new project, use the **New Project...** command in the **File** menu, click the **New Project** button in the top toolbar, or use the keyboard shortcut (`Ctrl+N` by default).
zh: 若要创建新工程，请使用 **文件** 菜单中的 **新建工程...** 命令，或单击顶部工具栏中的 **新建工程** 按钮，或使用键盘快捷键 (默认为 `Ctrl+N`)。

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en: You will be prompted for a name to give your project.  By default, a directory will be created for your project with the same name.  For example, if you enter the name `MyProject`, KiCad will create the directory `MyProject` and the project file `MyProject/MyProject.kicad_pro` inside it.
zh: 系统将提示您输入工程名称。默认情况下，将使用相同的名称为您的工程创建一个目录。例如输入名称 `MyProject`，KiCad 会在其中创建 `MyProject` 目录和工程文件 `MyProject/MyProject.kicad_pro`。

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en: If you already have a directory to store your project files in, you can uncheck the _Create a new directory for the project_ checkbox in the **New Project** dialog.
zh: 如果您已经有一个存储工程文件的目录，可以在 **新建工程** 对话框中取消选中 _为工程创建新目录_ 复选框。

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en: It is strongly recommended that you store each KiCad project inside its own directory.
zh: 强烈建议您将每个 KiCad 工程保存在其自己的目录中。

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en: Once you select the name of your project, KiCad will create the following files inside the project directory:
zh: 选择工程名称后，KiCad 将在工程目录中创建以下文件：

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en: |`example.kicad_pro` |KiCad project file.
    |`example.kicad_sch` |Main schematic file.
    |`example.kicad_pcb` |Printed circuit board file.
zh: |`example.kicad_pro` |KiCad 工程文件。
    |`example.kicad_sch` |主原理图文件。
    |`example.kicad_pcb` |PCB 文件。

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en: Importing a project from another EDA tool
zh: 从其他 EDA 工具导入工程

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en: KiCad is able to import files created by some other software packages.  Some software formats can be imported as complete projects.  Others can only be imported as standalone schematics or boards at the moment, and must be manually linked together into a KiCad project. Currently the following types of project are supported:
zh: KiCad 能够导入某些其他软件包创建的文件。 有些软件格式可以作为完整工程导入。 其他格式目前只能作为独立的原理图或电路板导入，必须手动连接到 KiCad 工程中。目前支持以下类型的工程：

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en: |`\*.sch`, `*.brd`  |Eagle 6.x or newer (XML format)
    |`\*.csa`, `*.cpa`  |CADSTAR archive format
    |`\*.zip`           |EasyEDA (JLCEDA) Standard Backup
    |`\*.epro`, `*.zip` |EasyEDA (JLCEDA) Pro Project
zh: |`\*.sch`, `*.brd`  |Eagle 6.x 或更新版本(XML 格式)
    |`\*.csa`, `*.cpa`  |CADSTAR 压缩格式
    |`\*.zip`           |EasyEDA (JLCEDA) 标准版备份
    |`\*.epro`, `*.zip` |EasyEDA (JLCEDA) 专业版工程

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en: To import a project from one of these tools, choose the appropriate option from the **Import Non-KiCad Project** submenu of the **File** menu.
zh: 要从这些工具中导入工程，请在 **文件** 菜单的 **导入非 KiCad 工程** 子菜单中选择合适的选项。

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en: You will be prompted to select either a schematic or a board file in the import file browser dialog. The imported schematic and board files should have the same base file name (e.g.  project.sch and project.brd). Once the requested files are selected, you will be asked to select a directory to store the resulting KiCad project.
zh: 系统将提示您在导入文件浏览器对话框中选择原理图或电路板文件。导入的原理图和电路板文件应具有相同的基本文件名 (例如，project.sch 和 project.brd)。一旦选择了请求的文件，系统将要求您选择一个目录来存储生成的 KiCad 工程。

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en: Currently the following types of documents can be imported standalone.  To import these documents, start the KiCad Schematic Editor or PCB Editor standalone (do not open the KiCad project manager first) and choose **File > Import > Non-KiCad Schematic** or **File > Import > Non-KiCad Board File**.  When importing Altium projects, we recommend importing the PCB first, saving the resulting project, and then copying each schematic sheet into the project after importing it in a standalone Schematic Editor window.
zh: 目前可在单机模式导入以下类型的文档。 要导入这些文件，请单独启动 KiCad 原理图编辑器或 PCB 编辑器（不要先打开 KiCad 工程管理器），然后选择 **文件 > 导入 > 非 KiCad 原理图** 或 **文件 > 导入 > 非 KiCad 电路板文件**。 导入 Altium 工程时，我们建议先导入 PCB，保存生成的工程，然后在单机模式的原理图编辑器窗口中导入工程后，将每个原理图页复制到工程中。

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en: |`*.SchDoc` |Altium Designer, Circuit Studio, Circuit Maker schematic documents
    |`*.PcbDoc` |Altium Designer PCB
    |`*.CMPcbDoc` |Altium Circuit Maker PCB
    |`*.CSPcbDoc` |Altium Circuit Studio PCB
    |`*.pcb` |P-Cad 200x ASCII PCB
    |`\*.txt`, `*.fab` |Fabmaster PCB
zh: |`*.SchDoc` |Altium Designer, Circuit Studio, Circuit Maker 原理图文档
    |`*.PcbDoc` |Altium Designer PCB
    |`*.CMPcbDoc` |Altium Circuit Maker PCB
    |`*.CSPcbDoc` |Altium Circuit Studio PCB
    |`*.pcb` |P-Cad 200x ASCII PCB
    |`\*.txt`, `*.fab` |Fabmaster PCB

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en: KiCad does not support schematics with multiple top-level sheets.  When importing designs from other tools that do support this feature, each schematic sheet must be imported, and then the imported sheets must be placed as hierarchical sheets in a new KiCad project.
zh: KiCad 不支持具有多个顶层工作表的原理图。 从支持该功能的其他工具导入设计时，必须导入每个原理图工作表，然后将导入的工作表作为分层工作表放置在新的 KiCad 工程中。

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en: Saving and loading project archives
zh: 保存和加载工程档案

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en: You can archive your project's files into a zip archive with the Archive tool (**File** -> **Archive Project...**).
zh: 您可以使用存档工具将工程的文件存档到 zip 存档中（**文件** -> **存档工程...**）。

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en: You can also unarchive a project using the Unarchive tool (**File** -> **Unarchive Project...**). When you unarchive a project into the currently loaded project directory, the project will be reloaded automatically to reflect any changes that were in the archived version of the project.
zh: 您也可以使用解压缩工具（**文件** -> **解压缩项目...**）来解压缩工程。将项目解压缩到当前加载的工程目录中时，工程将自动重新加载，以反映归档版本中的任何更改。

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en: The archive tool saves the following files from your project folder into the archive:
zh: 存档工具会将工程文件夹中的以下文件保存到存档中：

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en: |`\*.kicad_prl`, `*.kicad_pro`,
          `\*.kicad_sch`, `*.kicad_sym`,
          `\*.kicad_pcb`, `*.kicad_mod`,
          `\*.kicad_dru`, `*.kicad_wks`,
          `\*.wbk`, `*.fp-lib-table`, `*.sym-lib-table`
          | KiCad design files
    |`\*.pro`, `*.sch`,
          `\*.lib`, `*.dcm`, `\*.cmp`, `*.brd`, `*.mod`
          | Legacy KiCad design files
    |`\*.stp`, `*.step`
          | 3D models
    |`\*.g?`, `*.g??`,
          `\*.gm??`, `*.gbrjob`
          | Gerber files
    |`\*.pos`, `*.drl`, `\*.nc`, `*.xnc`, `\*.d356`, `*.rpt`
          | Manufacturing files
    |`*.net`
          | Netlists
    |`*.py`
          | Python scripts
    |`\*.pdf`, `*.txt`
          | Documentation files
    |`\*.cir`, `*.sub`, `*.model`
          | SPICE models
    |`\*.ibs`, `*.pkg`
          | IBIS models
zh: |`\*.kicad_prl`, `*.kicad_pro`,
          `\*.kicad_sch`, `*.kicad_sym`,
          `\*.kicad_pcb`, `*.kicad_mod`,
          `\*.kicad_dru`, `*.kicad_wks`,
          `\*.wbk`, `*.fp-lib-table`, `*.sym-lib-table`
          | KiCad 设计文件
    |`\*.pro`, `*.sch`,
          `\*.lib`, `*.dcm`, `\*.cmp`, `*.brd`, `*.mod`
          | 旧版 KiCad 设计文件
    |`\*.stp`, `*.step`
          | 3D 模型
    |`\*.g?`, `*.g??`,
          `\*.gm??`, `*.gbrjob`
          | Gerber 文件
    |`\*.pos`, `*.drl`, `\*.nc`, `*.xnc`, `\*.d356`, `*.rpt`
          | 制造文件
    |`*.net`
          | 网表
    |`*.py`
          | Python 脚本
    |`\*.pdf`, `*.txt`
          | 文档文件
    |`\*.cir`, `*.sub`, `*.model`
          | SPICE 模型
    |`\*.ibs`, `*.pkg`
          | IBIS 模型

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en: KiCad configuration
zh: KiCad 配置

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en: The KiCad preferences can always be accessed from the **Preferences** menu, or by using the hotkey (default kbd:[Ctrl+,]). The Preferences dialog is shared between the running KiCad tools.  Some preferences apply to all tools, and some are specific to a certain tool (such as the schematic or board editor).
zh: KiCad 偏好设置可随时从 **偏好设置** 菜单访问，或使用热键（默认 kbd:[Ctrl+,]）访问。运行中的 KiCad 工具共享偏好设置对话框。 有些偏好设置适用于所有工具，有些则针对特定工具（如原理图或电路板编辑器）。

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en: Common preferences
zh: 共同偏好设置

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en: images/preferences_common.png
zh: images/zh/preferences_common.png

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en: **Accelerated graphics antialising:** KiCad can use different methods to prevent aliasing (jagged lines) when rendering using a graphics card.  Different methods may look better on different hardware, so you may want to experiment to find the one that looks best to you.
zh: **硬件图形抗锯齿：** KiCad 可以使用不同的方法来防止使用显卡渲染时出现锯齿（锯齿线）。 不同的方法在不同的硬件上可能会有更好的效果，因此您可能需要尝试找到最适合您的方法。

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en: **Fallback graphics antialiasing:** KiCad can also apply antialiasing when using the fallback graphics mode.  Enabling this feature may result in poor performance on some hardware.
zh: **软件图形抗锯齿：** KiCad 还可在使用软件渲染模式时应用抗锯齿。 启用此功能可能会导致某些硬件性能不佳。

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en: **Text editor:** Choose a text editor to use when opening text files from the project tree view.
zh: **文本编辑器：** 从工程树视图打开文本文件时，选择要使用的文本编辑器。

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en: **PDF viewer:** Choose a program to use when opening PDF files.
zh: **PDF 查看器：** 选择打开 PDF 文件时使用的程序。

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en: **Show icons in menus:** Enables icons in drop-down menus throughout the KiCad user interface.
zh: **在菜单中显示图标：** 在整个 KiCad 用户界面的下拉菜单中启用图标。

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en: Icons in menus are not displayed on some operating systems.
zh: 菜单中的图标在某些操作系统上不显示。

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en: **Show scrollbars in editors:** When enabled, scrollbars are displayed next to the editing canvases in each tool. When disabled, scrollbars are not shown.
zh: **在编辑器中显示滚动条：** 启用时，每个工具的编辑画布旁边都会显示滚动条。禁用时，不显示滚动条。

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en: **Focus follows mouse between schematic and PCB editors:** When enabled, the window under the mouse cursor will automatically become focused.
zh: **在原理图和 PCB 编辑器之间对焦跟随鼠标：** 启用后，鼠标光标下的窗口将自动变为焦点。

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en: **Icon scale:** Sets the size of the icons used in menus and buttons throughout KiCad.  Choose _Automatic_ to pick an appropriate icon scale automatically based on your operating system settings.
zh: **图标比例：** 设置 KiCad 中菜单和按钮所用图标的大小。 选择 _自动_ 可根据操作系统设置自动选择合适的图标比例。

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en: **Icon theme:** Sets whether to use the icon theme designed for light window backgrounds or dark window backgrounds.  The default setting of Automatic will choose the theme based on the lightness of the operating system window theme.
zh: **图标主题：** 设置是使用为浅色窗口背景设计的图标主题，还是使用为深色窗口背景设计的图标主题。 默认设置自动将根据操作系统窗口主题的明暗程度选择主题。

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en: **High-contrast mode dimming factor:** Sets how much non-focused items are dimmed in high-contrast display mode.
zh: **高对比度模式调光因子：** 设置高对比度显示模式下非聚焦项目的调光程度。

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en: **Warp mouse to origin of moved object:** When enabled, the mouse cursor will be repositioned (warped) to the origin of an object when you start a move command on that object.
zh: **将鼠标移动到移动对象的原点：** 启用后，当您开始对对象执行移动命令时，鼠标光标将被重新定位（跳转）到该对象的原点。

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en: **First hotkey selects tool:** When disabled, pressing the hotkey for a command such as _Add Wire_ will immediately start the command at the current cursor location.  When enabled, pressing the hotkey the first time will just select the _Add Wire_ tool but will not immediately begin a wire.
zh: **第一个热键选择工具：** 禁用时，按下 _添加导线_ 等命令的热键将立即在当前光标位置开始执行命令。 启用后，首次按下热键将只选择 _添加导线_ 工具，但不会立即开始导线。

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en: **Remember open files for next project launch:** When enabled, KiCad will automatically re-open any files that were previously open when a project is re-opened.
zh: **下次启动工程时记住打开的文件：** 启用后，KiCad 将在重新打开工程时自动重新打开之前打开的任何文件。

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en: **Auto save:** When editing schematics and board files, KiCad can automatically save your work periodically.  Set to `0` to disable this feature.
zh: **自动保存：** 编辑原理图和电路板文件时，KiCad 可定期自动保存您的工作。 设置为 `0` 可禁用此功能。

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en: **File history size:** Configure the number of entries in the list of recently-opened files
zh: **文件历史记录大小：** 配置最近打开的文件列表中的条目数量

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en: **3D cache file duration:** KiCad creates a cache of 3D models in order to speed up the 3D viewer.  You can configure how long to keep this cache before deleting old files.
zh: **3D 缓存文件持续时间：** KiCad 会创建一个 3D 模型缓存，以加快 3D 查看器的运行速度。 您可以设置在删除旧文件前保留此缓存的时间。

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en: **Automatically backup projects:** When enabled, KiCad projects will be archived to ZIP files automatically according to the settings below.  The archives will be stored in a subfolder of the project folder.  Backups are created when saving files in the project.
zh: **自动备份工程：** 启用后，KiCad 工程将根据以下设置自动归档为 ZIP 文件。 存档文件将存储在工程文件夹的子文件夹中。 保存工程中的文件时会创建备份。

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en: **Create backups when auto save occurs:** When enabled, a backup will be created every time an automatic file save occurs (if the backup is permitted by the settings below).  This setting has no effect if the auto save interval is set to `0` (disabled).
zh: **自动保存时创建备份：** 启用后，每次自动保存文件时都将创建备份（如果以下设置允许备份）。 如果自动保存时间间隔设置为 `0`（禁用），则此设置无效。

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en: **Maximum backups to keep:** When creating a new backup, the oldest backup file will be deleted to keep the total number of backup files below this limit.
zh: **保留的最大备份数：** 创建新备份时，将删除最旧的备份文件，以使备份文件总数低于此限制。

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en: **Maximum backups per day:** When creating a new backup, the oldest backup file created on the current day will be deleted to stay below this limit.
zh: **每天最多备份次数：** 创建新备份时，将删除当日创建的最旧备份文件，以保持低于此限制。

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en: **Minimum time between backups:** If backup is triggered (for example, by saving a board file), the backup will not be created if an existing backup file is newer than this limit.
zh: **备份之间的最短间隔时间：** 如果触发备份（例如，通过保存电路板文件），如果现有备份文件比此限制时间新，则不会创建备份。

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en: **Maximum total backup size:** When creating a new backup file, the oldest backup files will be deleted to keep the total size of the backup files directory below this limit.
zh: **最大备份总大小：** 创建新备份文件时，将删除最旧的备份文件，以使备份文件目录的总大小低于此限制。

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en: Mouse and touchpad preferences
zh: 鼠标和触摸板偏好设置

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en: images/preferences_mouse_and_touchpad.png
zh: images/zh/preferences_mouse_and_touchpad.png

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en: **Center and warp cursor on zoom:** When enabled, zooming using the hotkeys or mouse wheel will cause the view to be centered on the cursor location.
zh: **缩放时光标居中和跳转：** 启用后，使用热键或鼠标滚轮缩放时，视图将以光标位置为中心。

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en: **Use zoom acceleration:** When enabled, scrolling the mouse wheel or touchpad faster will cause the zoom to change faster.
zh: **使用缩放加速：** 启用后，更快地滚动鼠标滚轮或触摸板会使缩放变化更快。

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en: **Zoom speed:** Controls how much the zoom changes for a given amount of scrolling the mouse wheel or touchpad.  Use _Automatic_ to set a default value depending on your operating system.
zh: **缩放速度：** 控制滚动鼠标滚轮或触摸板一定量时的缩放变化程度。 使用 _自动_ 设置默认值，具体取决于操作系统。

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en: **Automatically pan while moving object:** When enabled, the view can be panned while moving an object by moving close to the edge of the canvas.
zh: **移动对象时自动平移：** 启用后，在移动对象时，只要靠近画布边缘，就能平移视图。

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en: **Auto pan speed:** Controls how fast the canvas pans while moving an object.
zh: **自动平移速度：** 控制移动对象时画布平移的速度。

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en: **Mouse buttons:** You can set the behavior of dragging the middle and right mouse buttons to zoom the view, pan the view, or have no effect.  You can also set the behavior of dragging the left mouse button depending on whether or not any objects are already selected in the editing canvas.
zh: **鼠标按钮：** 可以将拖动鼠标中键和右键的行为设置为缩放视图、平移视图或无影响。 您还可以根据编辑画布中是否已选中任何对象来设置拖动鼠标左键的行为。

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en: The left mouse button is always used for selecting and manipulating objects.
zh: 鼠标左键始终用于选择和操作对象。

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en: **Mouse wheel and touchpad scrolling:** You can set the behavior of scrolling the mouse wheel or vertical motion of the touchpad while pressing certain modifier keys.
zh: **鼠标滚轮和触摸板滚动：** 可以设置在按下某些修改键时滚动鼠标滚轮或垂直移动触摸板的行为。

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en: **Pan left/right with horizontal movement:** When enabled, you can pan the view using the touchpad or horizontal scroll wheel (if present on your mouse).
zh: **触摸板使用水平移动向左/右平移：** 启用后，可以使用触摸板或水平滚轮（如果鼠标上有滚轮）平移视图。

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en: Hotkey preferences
zh: 快捷键偏好设置

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en: images/preferences_hotkeys.png
zh: images/zh/preferences_hotkeys.png

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en: You can use this dialog to customize the hotkeys used to control KiCad.  The hotkeys in the _Common_ section are shared between every KiCad program. Hotkeys for each specific KiCad program are shown when that program is running.  You can assign the same hotkey to a different action in different KiCad programs (for example, the schematic editor and the board editor), but you cannot assign a hotkey to more than one action in the same program.
zh: 可以使用此对话框自定义用于控制 KiCad 的快捷键。_公用_ 部分中的快捷键在每个 KiCad 程序之间共享。当程序运行时，会显示每个特定 KiCad 程序的快捷键。您可以将相同的快捷键分配给不同 KiCad 程序 (例如原理图编辑器和电路板编辑器) 中的不同操作，但不能将一个快捷键分配给同一程序中的多个操作。

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en: There are many available commands, and so not all of them have a hotkey assigned by default.  You can add a hotkey to any command by double-clicking on the command in the list.  If you choose a hotkey that is already assigned to a different command, you can choose to use that hotkey on your chosen command, which will remove the hotkey assignment from the conflicting command.
zh: 有许多可用命令，因此并非所有命令都默认分配了快捷键。您可以通过双击列表中的命令将快捷键添加到任何命令。如果选择已分配给其他命令的快捷键，则可以选择在所选命令上使用该快捷键，这将从冲突的命令中删除指定的快捷键。

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en: Changes that you have made to hotkey assignments are shown with a `*` character at the end of the command name.  You can undo changes to a specific command by right-clicking that command and selecting **Undo Changes**, or you can undo all changes with the button below the command list.
zh: 你对快捷键分配所做的改变会在命令名称的末尾显示一个 `\*` 字符。 你可以通过右键单击某个特定的命令并选择 **撤销更改** 来撤销对该命令的更改，或者你可以通过命令列表下面的按钮撤销所有的更改。

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en: **Importing hotkeys**
zh: **导入快捷键**

note: type: Plain text
en: Hotkey preferences are stored in `.hotkeys` files in the KiCad settings directory (see the <<settings,Settings>> section for information about where the settings directory is on your operating system).  If you have configured KiCad hotkeys the way you like on one computer, you can transfer that configuration to another computer by importing the appropriate `.hotkeys` file(s).
zh: 快捷键偏好设置存储在 KiCad 设置目录的 `.hotkeys` 文件中 (有关设置目录在操作系统上的位置，请参阅 《设置，设置》一节)。如果您在一台计算机上以您喜欢的方式配置了 KiCad 快捷键，则可以通过导入适当的 `.hotkeys` 文件将该配置传输到另一台计算机。

note: type: Title ===
en: Paths configuration
zh: 路径配置

note: type: Plain text
en: In KiCad, one can define paths using a *path variable*.  A few path variables are internally defined by KiCad, and can be used to define paths for libraries, 3D shapes, etc.
zh: 在 KiCad 中，可以使用 *路径变量* 定义路径。 KiCad 内部定义了一些路径变量，可用于为库、3D 图形等定义路径。

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en: This is useful when absolute paths are not known or are subject to change (e.g.  when you transfer a project to a different computer), and also when one base path is shared by many similar items. Consider the following which may be installed in varying locations:
zh: 当绝对路径未知或可能发生变化时（例如，当您将工程传输到另一台计算机时），以及许多类似工程共享一个基本路径时，这非常有用。 请考虑以下可能安装在不同位置的内容：

note: type: Plain text
en: Schematic symbol libraries
zh: 原理图符号库

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en: Footprint libraries
zh: 封装库

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en: 3D model files used in footprint definitions
zh: 封装定义中使用的 3D 模型文件

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en: For instance, the path to the `connect.pretty` footprint library, when using the `KICAD8_FOOTPRINT_DIR` path variable, would be defined as `$\{KICAD8_FOOTPRINT_DIR\}/connect.pretty`.
zh: 例如，当使用 `KICAD8_FOOTPRINT_DIR` 路径变量时，`connect.pretty` 封装库的路径将被定义为 `$\{KICAD8_FOOTPRINT_DIR\}/connect.pretty`。

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en: The *Preferences* -> *Configure Paths...* menu allows you to define paths for some built-in KiCad path variables, and add your own path variables to define personal paths, if needed.
zh: 通过 *偏好设置* -> *配置路径...* 菜单，您可以为 KiCad 的一些内置路径变量定义路径，并根据需要添加自己的路径变量来定义个人路径。

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en: KiCad will automatically resolve versioned path variables from
          older versions of KiCad to the value of the corresponding variable from
          the current KiCad version, as long as the old variable is not explicitly
          defined itself. For example, `$\{KICAD7_FOOTPRINT_DIR\}` will
          automatically resolve to the value of `$\{KICAD8_FOOTPRINT_DIR\}` if there
          is no `KICAD7_FOOTPRINT_DIR` variable defined.
zh: KiCad 会自动将旧版本 KiCad 中的版本路径变量解析为当前 KiCad 版本中相应变量的值，只要旧变量本身没有明确定义。例如，如果没有定义 `KICAD7_FOOTPRINT_DIR` 变量，`$\{KICAD7_FOOTPRINT_DIR/}` 将自动解析为 `$\{KICAD8_FOOTPRINT_DIR}` 的值。

note: type: Title ====
en: KiCad path variables
zh: KiCad 路径变量

note: type: Table
en: |`KICAD8_3DMODEL_DIR`
      |Base path of KiCad's standard 3D footprint model library
      files.
    |`KICAD8_3RD_PARTY`
      |Location for plugins, libraries, and color themes installed by the
      <<plugin-content-manager,Plugin and Content Manager>>.
    |`KICAD8_FOOTPRINT_DIR` |Base path of KiCad's standard footprint library files.
    |`KICAD8_SYMBOL_DIR` |Base path of KiCad's standard symbol library files.
    |`KICAD8_TEMPLATE_DIR` |Location of KiCad's standard project template library files.
    |`KICAD_USER_TEMPLATE_DIR` |Location of personal project templates.
    |`SPICE_LIB_DIR`
      |Location of personal xref:../eeschema/eeschema.adoc#sim-library[simulation model libraries].
      This variable is not defined by default.
    |`KIPRJMOD`
      |Absolute path to the current project directory. This variable is set
      automatically and cannot be redefined.
zh: |`KICAD8_3DMODEL_DIR`
      |KiCad 标准 3D 封装模型库的基础路径，存储着与封装关联的 3D 模型文件。
    |`KICAD8_3RD_PARTY`
      |第三方插件、库和颜色主题的存放位置，这些是由 《插件和内容管理器，插件和内容管理器》 安装的。
    |`KICAD8_FOOTPRINT_DIR` |KiCad 标准封装库的基础路径，包含封装设计文件。
    |`KICAD8_SYMBOL_DIR` |KiCad 标准符号库的基础路径，存放着电路图符号的定义文件。
    |`KICAD8_TEMPLATE_DIR` |KiCad 标准项目模板库的存放位置，提供预设的项目模板文件。
    |`KICAD_USER_TEMPLATE_DIR` |个人项目模板的存放位置，允许用户创建和存储自定义的项目模板。
    |`SPICE_LIB_DIR`
      |个人仿真模型库的存放位置，用于存放 xref:../eeschema/eeschema.adoc#sim-library[仿真模型库] 文件。此变量默认未定义。
    |`KIPRJMOD`
      |当前项目目录的绝对路径，此变量由系统自动设定，不可重新定义。

note: type: Target for macro image
en: images/configure_path_dlg.png
zh: images/zh/configure_path_dlg.png

note: type: Plain text
en: Paths set in the Configure Paths dialog are internal to KiCad and are not visible as environment variables outside of KiCad. They are stored in <<config-file-location,KiCad's user configuration files>>.
zh: 在配置路径对话框中设置的路径是 KiCad 内部的，在 KiCad 之外不可见环境变量。它们被保存在《配置文件位置，KiCad 的用户配置文件》。

note: type: Plain text
en: Paths can also be set as system environment variables outside of KiCad, which will override any settings in the user's configuration.
zh: 路径还可以设置为 KiCad 外部的系统环境变量，这将覆盖用户配置中的任何设置。

note: type: Plain text
en: You cannot override a system environment variable that has been set
          outside of KiCad by using the Configure Paths dialog. Any variable that
          has been set externally will be shown as read-only in the dialog.
zh: 使用 `配置路径` 对话框无法覆盖在 KiCad 外部设置的系统环境变量。任何外部设置的变量都将在对话框中显示为只读。

note: type: Plain text
en: Note also that the path variable `KIPRJMOD` is *always* internally defined by KiCad, and expands to the **current project absolute path**.  For instance, `$\{KIPRJMOD\}/connect.pretty` is always the `connect.pretty` folder (the footprint library) inside **the current project folder**.  The `KIPRJMOD` variable cannot be changed in the Configure Paths dialog or overridden by an external environment variable.
zh: 还请注意，路径变量 `KIPRJMOD` *始终* 由 KiCad 内部定义，并展开为 **当前工程的绝对路径**。 例如，`$\{KIPRJMOD\}/connect.pretty` 始终是 **当前工程文件夹** 内的 `connect.pretty` 文件夹（封装库）。 KIPRJMOD 变量不能在 `配置路径` 对话框中更改，也不能被外部环境变量覆盖。

note: type: Title ====
en: Advanced environment variables
zh: 高级环境变量

note: type: Plain text
en: Some advanced environment variables can be set to customize where KiCad expects certain files to be located. By default, these locations are set based on your platform, but they can be overridden by system environment variables. These variables are not shown in the Configure Paths dialog and cannot be used in path substitutions.
zh: 可以设置一些高级环境变量，自定义 KiCad 预计某些文件的位置。默认情况下，这些位置是根据你的平台设置的，但它们可以被系统环境变量覆盖。这些变量不会在 `配置路径` 对话框中显示，也不能用于路径替换。

note: type: Plain text
en: Changing these variables will not result in KiCad moving any files from the default location to the new location, so if you change these variables you will need to copy any desired settings or files manually.
zh: 改变这些变量不会导致 KiCad 将任何文件从默认位置移动到新的位置，所以如果你改变这些变量，你将需要手动复制任何需要的设置或文件。

note: type: Table
en: |`KICAD_CONFIG_HOME` |Base path of KiCad configuration files. Subdirectories will be created
        within this directory for each KiCad minor version.
    |`KICAD_DOCUMENTS_HOME` |Base path of KiCad user-modifiable documents, such as projects, templates,
        Python scripts, libraries, etc. Subdirectories will be created within this directory for each
        KiCad minor version. This directory is provided as a suggested user data location, but does
        not need to be used.
    |`KICAD_STOCK_DATA_HOME` |Base path of KiCad stock data, including default libraries. The data
        in this directory is managed by the KiCad installer or system package manager, and is not
        intended for user-writeable data.
zh: |`KICAD_CONFIG_HOME` |KiCad 配置文件的基础路径。此目录下将为每个 KiCad 次版本创建子目录，用于存储特定版本的配置文件。
    |`KICAD_DOCUMENTS_HOME` |KiCad 用户可修改文档的基础路径，如工程、模板、Python 脚本、库等。此目录下也将为每个 KiCad 次版本创建子目录。该目录作为推荐的用户数据存储位置，但并非强制使用。
    |`KICAD_STOCK_DATA_HOME` |KiCad 标配数据的基础路径，包含默认库等资源。此目录中的数据由 KiCad 安装程序或系统包管理器管理，不建议用户在此目录中写入自定义数据。

note: type: Plain text
en: If you modify the configuration of paths, please quit and restart KiCad to avoid any issues in path handling.
zh: 如果您修改了路径的配置，请退出并重新启动 KiCad，以避免在路径处理方面出现任何问题。

note: type: Title ===
en: Libraries configuration
zh: 库配置

note: type: Plain text
en: The *Preferences* -> *Manage Symbol Libraries...* menu lets you manage the list of symbol libraries (xref:../eeschema/eeschema.adoc#managing-symbol-libraries[symbol library table]).
zh: 通过 *偏好设置* -> *管理符号库...* 菜单，您可以管理符号库列表（xref:../eeschema/eeschema.adoc#managing-symbol-libraries[符号库表]）。

note: type: Plain text
en: Likewise, use the *Preferences* -> *Manage Footprint Libraries...* menu to manage the list of footprint libraries (xref:../pcbnew/pcbnew.adoc#managing-footprint-libraries[footprint library table]).
zh: 同样，使用 *偏好设置* -> *管理封装库表...* 菜单来管理封装库列表（xref:../pcbnew/pcbnew.adoc#managing-footprint-libraries[封装库表]）。

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en: For each type of library (symbol and footprint), there are 2 library tables: global and project specific. The global library table is located in the <<config-file-location,user configuration directory>> and contains a list of libraries available to all projects. The project-specific library table is optional and contains a list of libraries specific to the project. It is located in the project directory.
zh: 对于每一种类型的库（符号和封装），都有2个库表：全局和工程专用。全局库表位于《配置文件位置，用户配置目录》中，包含所有工程可用的库列表。工程专用库表是可选的，包含工程专用的库列表。它位于工程目录中。

note: type: Title ==
en: Project templates
zh: 工程模板

note: type: Plain text
en: Using a project template facilitates setting up a new project with predefined settings. Templates may contain pre-defined board outlines, connector positions, schematic elements, design rules, etc. Complete schematics and/or PCBs used as seed files for the new project may even be included.
zh: 使用工程模板有助于使用预定义设置设置新工程。 模板可能包含预定义的电路板边框，连接器位置，原理图元素，设计规则等。甚至可以包括用作新工程的种子文件的完整原理图和/或 PCB。

note: type: Title ===
en: Using templates
zh: 使用模板

note: type: Plain text
en: The **File** -> **New Project from Template** menu will open the Project Template Selector dialog:
zh: **文件** -> **从模板新建工程** 菜单将打开工程模板选择器对话框：

note: type: Plain text
en: A single click on a template's icon will display the template information, and a further click on the OK button creates the new project. The template files will be copied to the new project location and renamed to reflect the new project's name.
zh: 单击模板的图标将显示模板信息，再单击“确定”按钮将创建新工程。 模板文件将复制到新工程位置并重命名以反映新工程的名称。

note: type: Target for macro image
en: images/template_selected.png
zh: images/zh/template_selected.png

note: type: Title ===
en: Template locations
zh: 模板位置

note: type: Plain text
en: KiCad looks for system templates in the path defined in the `KICAD8_TEMPLATE_DIR` path variable, and user templates in the path defined in `KICAD_USER_TEMPLATE_DIR`. However, you can browse for templates in an arbitrary directory using the **Folder** control at the top of the dialog.
zh: KiCad 在 `KICAD8_TEMPLATE_DIR` 路径变量中定义的路径下查找系统模板，在 `KICAD_USER_TEMPLATE_DIR` 中定义的路径下查找用户模板。不过，您可以使用对话框顶部的 **文件夹** 控件浏览任意目录中的模板。

note: type: Title ===
en: Creating templates
zh: 创建模板

note: type: Plain text
en: A KiCad template is simply a directory containing the template project files, as well as some required metadata for the template in a subdirectory named `meta`. The name of the directory containing the template files determines the name of the template. When you create a project from a template, KiCad copies the template files to the new project directory, renaming them to match the new project name as described below.
zh: KiCad 模板只是一个包含模板工程文件的目录，以及子目录 `meta` 中模板所需的一些元数据。包含模板文件的目录名称决定了模板的名称。根据模板创建工程时，KiCad 会将模板文件复制到新的工程目录，并重新命名这些文件以匹配新工程名称，如下所述。

note: type: Plain text
en: All files in the template are copied, with two exceptions:
zh: 模板中的所有文件都会被复制，但有两个例外：

note: type: Plain text
en: Files with names beginning with the `.` character (dotfiles) are not copied.  There is a special case for files named `.gitignore` or `.gitattributes`, which are copied if they exist.
zh: 名称以 `.` 开头的文件（隐藏文件）不会被复制。 名为 `.gitignore` 或 `.gitattributes` 的文件有一个特殊情况，如果它们存在，就会被复制。

note: type: Plain text
en: The `meta` directory is not copied
zh: 不复制 `meta` 目录

note: type: Plain text
en: The `meta` directory must contain an HTML file named `info.html`, which is displayed in the KiCad template browser and should contain basic information describing the template. Basic HTML features are supported, including images.  Any images referenced by `info.html` should also be stored in the `meta` directory.
zh: `meta` 目录必须包含一个名为 `info.html` 的 HTML 文件，该文件将显示在 KiCad 模板浏览器中，并应包含描述模板的基本信息。支持基本的 HTML 功能，包括图像。 由 `info.html` 引用的任何图像也应存储在 `meta` 目录中。

note: type: Plain text
en: The `<title>` tag determines the name of the template that is displayed during template selection. Note that the project template name will be cut off if it's too long. This display name does not need to be the same as the template directory name.
zh: `<title>` 标记决定模板选择时显示的模板名称。请注意，如果工程模板名称太长，将会被截断。显示名称不必与模板目录名称相同。

note: type: Plain text
en: Here is a sample `info.html` file:
zh: 这里有一个 `info.html` 文件的例子：

note: type: Plain text
en: Finally, `meta` can optionally contain an image named `icon.png`, which will be used as the template's icon in the template selection dialog. The icon should be a 64 x 64 pixel PNG image.
zh: 最后，`meta` 可选择包含一张名为 `icon.png` 的图片，该图片将在模板选择对话框中用作模板的图标。图标应为 64 x 64 像素的 PNG 图像。

note: type: Title ====
en: Template file renaming
zh: 模板文件重命名

note: type: Plain text
en: All files and directories in a template are copied to the new project path when a project is created using a template, except `meta` and any dotfiles.  Files and directories containing the template directory name will be renamed with the new project file name.
zh: 使用模板创建工程时，模板中的所有文件和目录都会复制到新的工程路径中，`meta` 和任何隐藏文件除外。 包含模板目录名的文件和目录将以新工程文件名重命名。

note: type: Plain text
en: For example, using a template named `example` (left) to create a project named `newproject` (right), with renamed files shown in *bold*:
zh: 例如，使用名为 `example`（左）的模板创建名为 `newproject`（右）的工程，重命名后的文件以 *粗体* 显示：

note: type: Table
en: |Files in template `example` directory
    |Files created in project `newproject` directory
    |
    `example.kicad_pro` +
    `example.kicad_sch` +
    `example.kicad_pcb` +
    `example-first.kicad_sch` +
    `second-example.kicad_sch` +
    `third.kicad_sch` +
    `third.kicad_pcb`
    |
    `*newproject.kicad_pro*` +
    `*newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `*newproject.kicad_pcb*` +
    `*newproject-first.kicad_sch*` +
    `*second-newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `third.kicad_sch` +
    `third.kicad_pcb`
zh: |模板 `example` 目录下的文件
    |在工程 `newproject` 目录下创建的文件
    |
    `example.kicad_pro` +
    `example.kicad_sch` +
    `example.kicad_pcb` +
    `example-first.kicad_sch` +
    `second-example.kicad_sch` +
    `third.kicad_sch` +
    `third.kicad_pcb`
    |
    `*newproject.kicad_pro*` +
    `*newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `*newproject.kicad_pcb*` +
    `*newproject-first.kicad_sch*` +
    `*second-newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `third.kicad_sch` +
    `third.kicad_pcb`

note: type: Plain text
en: A template does not need to contain a complete project. If a required project file is missing, KiCad will create the file using the default create project behavior:
zh: 模板无需包含完整的工程。如果缺少所需的项目文件，KiCad 将使用默认的创建工程行为来创建文件：

note: type: Table
en: |Files in template `example` directory
    |Files created in `newproject` directory
    |
    `example.kicad_sch` +
    `first-example.kicad_sch` +
    `first-example.kicad_pcb` +
    `second-example.kicad_sch` +
    `second-example.kicad_pcb`
    |
    `*newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `*first-newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `*first-newproject.kicad_pcb*` +
    `*second-newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `*second-newproject.kicad_pcb*` +
    `*newproject.kicad_pro*` (default) +
    `*newproject.kicad_pcb*` (default)
zh: |模板 `example` 目录下的文件
    |在 `newproject` 目录下创建的文件
    |
    `example.kicad_sch` +
    `first-example.kicad_sch` +
    `first-example.kicad_pcb` +
    `second-example.kicad_sch` +
    `second-example.kicad_pcb`
    |
    `*newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `*first-newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `*first-newproject.kicad_pcb*` +
    `*second-newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `*second-newproject.kicad_pcb*` +
    `*newproject.kicad_pro*` (default) +
    `*newproject.kicad_pcb*` (default)

note: type: Plain text
en: As an exception to the template name renaming rule, if the template contains one project file (`.kicad_pro`) and its name doesn't match the template name, KiCad will do the renaming based on that project file name instead:
zh: 作为模板名称重命名规则的例外情况，如果模板包含一个工程文件 (`.kicad_pro`)，且其名称与模板名称不匹配，KiCad 将根据该工程文件名称进行重命名：

note: type: Table
en: |Files in template `example` directory
    |Files created in `newproject` directory
    |
    `example.kicad_sch` +
    `example.kicad_pcb` +
    `*first-example.kicad_pro*` +
    `first-example.kicad_sch` +
    `first-example.kicad_pcb` +
    `second-example.kicad_sch` +
    `second-example.kicad_pcb`
    |
    `example.kicad_sch` +
    `example.kicad_pcb` +
    `*newproject.kicad_pro*` +
    `*newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `*newproject.kicad_pcb*` +
    `second-example.kicad_sch` +
    `second-example.kicad_pcb`
zh: |模板 `example` 目录下的文件
    |在 `newproject` 目录下创建的文件
    |
    `example.kicad_sch` +
    `example.kicad_pcb` +
    `*first-example.kicad_pro*` +
    `first-example.kicad_sch` +
    `first-example.kicad_pcb` +
    `second-example.kicad_sch` +
    `second-example.kicad_pcb`
    |
    `example.kicad_sch` +
    `example.kicad_pcb` +
    `*newproject.kicad_pro*` +
    `*newproject.kicad_sch*` +
    `*newproject.kicad_pcb*` +
    `second-example.kicad_sch` +
    `second-example.kicad_pcb`

note: type: Plain text
en: It is not recommended to create a template with multiple project files.
zh: 不建议创建包含多个工程文件的模板。

note: type: Title ==
en: Plugin and Content Manager
zh: 插件和内容管理器

note: type: Plain text
en: This section of the KiCad documentation has not yet been written.  We
          appreciate your patience as our small team of volunteer documentation
          writers work to update and expand the documentation.
zh: 本节 KiCad 文档尚未编写完成。 我们的志愿文档编写小组正在努力更新和扩充文档，请您耐心等待。

note: type: Title ==
en: Actions reference
zh: 操作参考

note: type: Plain text
en: Below is a list of every available *action* in the KiCad Project Manager: a command that can be assigned to a hotkey.
zh: 以下是 KiCad 工程管理器中每个可用的 *操作* 列表：可以分配给快捷键的命令。

note: Note to translators: you do not need to translate this table by hand. It is generated from KiCad using the Dump Hotkeys button that is shown in the hotkeys editor if you add the line `HotkeysDumper=1` to your advanced config file (`kicad_advanced` file in the config directory) type: Title ===
en: KiCad Project Manager
zh: KiCad 工程管理器

note: NOTE: this text between the section header and the table is *required* or asciidoctor-web-pdf will not insert page breaks in the table correctly and the PDF will be truncated. type: Plain text
en: The actions below are available in the KiCad Project Manager. Hotkeys can be assigned to any of these actions in the **Hotkeys** section of the preferences.
zh: 以下操作在 KiCad 工程管理器中是可用的。热键可以分配给偏好设置中的 **快捷键** 部分的任何动作。

note: type: Table
en: | Action | Default Hotkey | Description
    | Close Project
      |
      | Close the current project
    | Image Converter
      | kbd:[Ctrl+B]
      | Convert bitmap images to schematic or PCB components
    | Drawing Sheet Editor
      | kbd:[Ctrl+Y]
      | Edit drawing sheet borders and title block
    | Footprint Editor
      | kbd:[Ctrl+F]
      | Edit PCB footprints
    | PCB Editor
      | kbd:[Ctrl+P]
      | Edit PCB
    | Schematic Editor
      | kbd:[Ctrl+E]
      | Edit schematic
    | Symbol Editor
      | kbd:[Ctrl+L]
      | Edit schematic symbols
    | Clone Project from Repository...
      |
      | Clone a project from an existing repository
    | New Project from Template...
      | kbd:[Ctrl+T]
      | Create new project from template
    | New Project...
      | kbd:[Ctrl+N]
      | Create new blank project
    | Open Demo Project...
      |
      | Open a demo project
    | Open Project...
      | kbd:[Ctrl+O]
      | Open an existing project
    | Open Text Editor
      |
      | Launch preferred text editor
    | Plugin and Content Manager
      | kbd:[Ctrl+M]
      | Run Plugin and Content Manager
    | Calculator Tools
      |
      | Run component calculations, track width calculations, etc.
    | Gerber Viewer
      | kbd:[Ctrl+G]
      | Preview Gerber output files
zh: | Action | Default Hotkey | Description
    | 关闭工程
      |
      | 关闭当前工程
    | 图像转换
      | kbd:[Ctrl+B]
      | 将位图图像转换为原理图或 PCB 元件
    | 图框编辑器
      | kbd:[Ctrl+Y]
      | 编辑图框页边框和标题栏
    | 封装编辑器
      | kbd:[Ctrl+F]
      | 编辑 PCB 封装
    | PCB 编辑器
      | kbd:[Ctrl+P]
      | 编辑 PCB 布局
    | 原理图编辑器
      | kbd:[Ctrl+E]
      | 编辑电路原理图
    | 符号编辑器
      | kbd:[Ctrl+L]
      | 编辑原理图符号
    | 从仓库克隆工程...
      |
      | 从现有仓库克隆工程
    | 从模板新建工程...
      | kbd:[Ctrl+T]
      | 从模板创建新工程
    | 新建空白工程...
      | kbd:[Ctrl+N]
      | 创建新的空白工程
    | 打开演示工程...
      |
      | 打开演示工程
    | 打开工程...
      | kbd:[Ctrl+O]
      | 打开已有工程
    | 打开文本编辑器
      |
      | 启动偏好设置的文本编辑器
    | 插件与内容管理器
      | kbd:[Ctrl+M]
      | 运行插件与内容管理器
    | 计算器工具
      |
      | 运行元件计算、走线宽度计算等
    | Gerber 查看器
      | kbd:[Ctrl+G]
      | 预览 Gerber 输出文件
